| Title | Peanut monoculture-induced decline in fertility of Andosols in Nicaragua |
| Publication Type | Journal Article |
| Year of Publication | 2022 |
| Authors | Castillo X., Materna J., Jannoura R., Joergensen R.G |
| Journal | Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science |
| Volume | 185 |
| Pagination | 677-684 |
| Date Published | Oct |
| Type of Article | Article |
| ISBN Number | 1436-8730 |
| Accession Number | WOS:000843394800001 |
| Keywords | Agriculture, Al and Fe oxides, amendments, Andosols, carbon, communities, Fertilization, functional diversity, MECHANISMS, microbial biomass, microorganisms, organic-matter, peanut, Plant Sciences, PROFILES, respiratory, response, Soil microbial biomass, soil organic matter |
| Abstract | Background Andosols are generally characterized by strong resilience to degradation and high soil fertility. This may decline during long-term peanut (Arachis hypogea) monoculture, as indicated by soil chemical and biological properties. Aims The study investigated the monoculture-induced changes in soil chemical environment as driver for the decline in soil fertility. Methods In this on-farm study, soils from seven sites cropped with peanut monoculture for different periods between 1 and 20 years were analyzed for soil chemical properties (pH, Al and Fe oxides, soil organic matter) as well as soil microbial biomass and microbial functional diversity, estimated by multiple substrate-induced respiration (MSIR). Results Total nitrogen (N), soil organic carbon (SOC), and microbial biomass C (MBC) declined by 57%, 62%, and 73%, respectively, over 20 years of peanut monoculture in comparison with 1 year peanut cultivation. The SOC/total N ratio showed the most consistent decrease during this period. The Shannon diversity index, calculated from the MSIR responses, generally decreased from 2.5 to 2.1 during peanut monoculture, passing a minimum after 10 years. Discriminant function 1 declined with increasing years of peanut monoculture (r = -0.87) and explained 74% of the variance, separating nearly all peanut sites from each other. The main predictors were soil pH, exchangeable Al3+, and the SOC/total N ratio, but dithionite extractable Al and Fe as well the ratio of exchangeable Ca2+/Mg2+ also made significant contributions. Conclusion Twenty years of peanut monoculture led to a strong decline in soil fertility, as strongly indicated by soil microbiological indices.
|
| Alternate Journal | J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci. |
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[biblio_abst_e] => Background Andosols are generally characterized by strong resilience to degradation and high soil fertility. This may decline during long-term peanut (Arachis hypogea) monoculture, as indicated by soil chemical and biological properties. Aims The study investigated the monoculture-induced changes in soil chemical environment as driver for the decline in soil fertility. Methods In this on-farm study, soils from seven sites cropped with peanut monoculture for different periods between 1 and 20 years were analyzed for soil chemical properties (pH, Al and Fe oxides, soil organic matter) as well as soil microbial biomass and microbial functional diversity, estimated by multiple substrate-induced respiration (MSIR). Results Total nitrogen (N), soil organic carbon (SOC), and microbial biomass C (MBC) declined by 57%, 62%, and 73%, respectively, over 20 years of peanut monoculture in comparison with 1 year peanut cultivation. The SOC/total N ratio showed the most consistent decrease during this period. The Shannon diversity index, calculated from the MSIR responses, generally decreased from 2.5 to 2.1 during peanut monoculture, passing a minimum after 10 years. Discriminant function 1 declined with increasing years of peanut monoculture (r = -0.87) and explained 74% of the variance, separating nearly all peanut sites from each other. The main predictors were soil pH, exchangeable Al3+, and the SOC/total N ratio, but dithionite extractable Al and Fe as well the ratio of exchangeable Ca2+/Mg2+ also made significant contributions. Conclusion Twenty years of peanut monoculture led to a strong decline in soil fertility, as strongly indicated by soil microbiological indices.
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Castillo, Xiomara Materna, Juliane Jannoura, Ramia Joergensen, Rainer Georg
CASTILLO, XIOMARA/0000-0002-4705-3121; Joergensen, Rainer Georg/0000-0002-3142-221X
German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); Research Training Group 1397 "Regulation of Soil Organic Matter and Nutrient Turnover in Organic Agriculture" of the German Research Foundation (DFG); Projekt DEAL
The technical assistance of Gabriele Dormann, Anja Sawallisch and Nicole Gaus is highly appreciated. We would also like to thank Mick Locke for carefully correcting our English. Xiomara Castillo was supported by the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). Juliane Materna was supported by the Research Training Group 1397 "Regulation of Soil Organic Matter and Nutrient Turnover in Organic Agriculture" of the German Research Foundation (DFG). Open access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
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Wiley-v c h verlag gmbh
Weinheim
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Joergensen, RG (corresponding author), Univ Kassel, Soil Biol & Plant Nutr, Nordbahnhoftsr 1a, D-37213 Witzenhausen, Germany.
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