Effects of slope exposure on soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties along an altitudinal climosequence in the Italian Alps

TitleEffects of slope exposure on soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties along an altitudinal climosequence in the Italian Alps
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2017
AuthorsBardelli T., Gomez-Brandon M., Ascher-Jenull J., Fornasier F., Arfaioli P., Francioli D., Egli M., Sartori G., Insamb H., Pietramellara G.
JournalScience of The Total Environment
Volume575
Pagination1041-1055
Date PublishedJan
Type of ArticleArticle
ISBN Number0048-9697
Accession NumberWOS:000390373400105
Keywordsalpine elevation gradient, arable soil, Bacteria-fungi-archaea, depth, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, forest soils, Fungal, gradient gel-electrophoresis, growth-rates, hydrolytic enzyme-activities, microbial communities, microbial community composition, Multiple hydrolytic enzyme activities, organic-matter, physiological profiles, soil, Soil texture, Subalpine-alpine soils, tibetan plateau
Abstract

Due to their sensitivity to changing environmental conditions sub-and alpine soils are often monitored in the context of climate change, usually, however, neglecting slope exposure. Therefore, we set up a climosequence-approach to study the effect of exposure and, in general, climate, on the microbial biomass and microbial diversity and activity, comprising five pairs of north (N)- and south (S)-facing sites along an altitudinal gradient ranging from 1200 to 2400 m a.s.l. in the Italian Alps (Trentino Alto Adige, Italy). Soil physico-chemical properties were related to microbiological properties (microbial biomass: double strand DNA yield vs. substrate-induced respiration; diversity of bacterial, fungal and archaeal communities: genetic fingerprinting DGGE vs. real-time PCR; microbial activity: basal respiration vs. multiple hydrolytic enzyme assays) to monitor shifts in the diversity and activity of microbial communities as a function of slope exposure and to evaluate the most determinant chemical parameters shaping the soil microbiota. The exposure-effect on several hydrolytic key-enzymes was enzyme-specific: e.g. acid phosphomonoesterase potential activity was more pronounced at the N-facing slope while the activities of alkaline phosphomonoesterase, pyrophosphate-phosphodiesterase and arylsulfatase were higher at the S-facing slope. Furthermore, this exposure-effect was domain-specific: bacteria (S > N, altitude-independent); fungi (N similar to S); and archaea (N > S; altitude-dependent). Additionally, the abiotic parameters shaping the community composition were in general depending on soil depth. Our multidisciplinary approach allowed us to survey the exposure and altitudinal effects on soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties and thus unravel the complex multiple edaphic factor-effects on soil microbiota in mountain ecosystems. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Alternate JournalSci. Total Environ.
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Bardelli, Tommaso Gomez-Brandon, Maria Ascher-Jenull, Judith Fornasier, Flavio Arfaioli, Paola Francioli, Davide Egli, Markus Sartori, Giacomo Insamb, Heribert Pietramellara, Giacomo
Ascher-Jenull, Judith/0000-0003-0127-8058
DecAlp D.A.CH. project [I989-B16]; University of Florence (Italy) [DT16364]; Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF) Austria [I989-B16]
This research is part of the DecAlp D.A.CH. project (Project I989-B16). T. Bardelli has been funded by a PhD grant from the University of Florence (Italy) (DT16364). J. Ascher-Jenull and M. Gomez-Brandon have been supported by the Fonds zur Forderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (FWF) Austria (Project I989-B16). We would like to thank Layzza Roberta Alves Medeiros, Sebastian Waldhuber and Ljubica Begovic for their help in the laboratory. We also acknowledge Paul Fraiz for his highly valuable help in language editing. We are also indebted to Dr. Fabio Angeli of the Ufficio distrettuale forestale - Male (Trento, Italy) and his team for their support in the field.

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