Differentiation of microbial activity and functional diversity between various biocrust elements in a heterogeneous crustal community

TitleDifferentiation of microbial activity and functional diversity between various biocrust elements in a heterogeneous crustal community
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2016
AuthorsLi H., Li R.H, Rossi F., Li D.H, De Philippis R., Hu C.X, Liu Y.D
JournalCatenaC
Volume147
Pagination138-145
Date PublishedDec
Type of ArticleArticle
ISBN Number0341-8162
Accession NumberWOS:000385598800014
Keywords16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA, Agriculture, Biological soil crusts, CHINA, COLORADO PLATEAU, Community-level physiological, Crust development, desert, Geology, gurbantunggut, negev desert, nitrogen-fixation, physiological profiles, profile, sand dunes, soil microorganisms, spatial-distribution, substrate-induced respiration, Water Resources
Abstract

Biological soil crusts (BSCs) dominate the interspace between sparse vegetation in arid and cold environments worldwide and fulfill diverse ecosystem functions. Natural BSCs are usually classified as a series of stepwise successional stages along with a gradual improvement of biological properties and micro-environmental conditions. However, the effects of spatial heterogeneity on the ecological traits of BSCs remain largely unknown, especially in the microbial scenario. In this study, three adjacent biocrust elements with different successional levels (cyanobacterial, lichen, and moss crusts) were collected from a continuous and heterogeneous crustal community at small scale (centimetre level) in the Gurbantiinggiit Desert, aiming to distinguish the alteration of microbial distribution and functional traits among them. The catabolic fingerprint of sole-carbon induced respiration was measured by MicroResp (TM) respiration system to calculate the functional diversity indices. Ribosomal copy numbers of different soil microbes (bacteria, fungi, and phototrophs), as a proxy for microbial relative abundance, were analysed through quantitative PCR methods. We also evaluated the related physicochemical parameters. The results show evidences that the microbial abundances and functional traits associated with each biocrust element are inconsistent with its successional level. Although higher microbial activities and more benign soil conditions (increased soil moisture and organic matter) were still found in well-developed moss crust, higher microbial abundances (except fungi) and enhanced functional diversity were observed in less-developed cyanobacterial crust. Spatial heterogeneity due to the jigsaw-like pattern of various biocrust elements partly affects microbial performances in BSCs. More studies focusing on quantitatively measuring spatial arrangement of biocrust elements are needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying to functional differentiation in crustal communities. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Li, Hua Li, Renhui Rossi, Federico Li, Dunhai De Philippis, Roberto Hu, Chunxiang Liu, Yongding
National Natural Science Foundation of China [31400368]; Funds for International Cooperation of the University of Florence [NRP9]
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant No. 31400368) and the Funds for International Cooperation of the University of Florence (grant No. Project NRP9). Dr. Hu Jinlu and Dr. Wang Gaohong of IHB kindly offered assistance through the course of analyses in the lab. We are also grateful to the anonymous reviewers for their truly helpful comments.

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