Tillage homogenizes soil bacterial communities in microaggregate fractions by facilitating dispersal

TitleTillage homogenizes soil bacterial communities in microaggregate fractions by facilitating dispersal
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2023
AuthorsWest J.R, Lauer J.G, Whitman T.
JournalSoil Biology & Biochemistry
Volume186
Pagination15
Date PublishedNov
Type of ArticleArticle
ISBN Number0038-0717
Accession NumberWOS:001106181600001
KeywordsAggregate, Aggregate size fractionation, Agriculture, assembly, assembly processes, carbon, communities, community, diversity, MECHANISMS, Microaggregates, MICROBIAL, no-tillage, operon copy number, organic-matter dynamics, Soil carbon, soil microbial communities, structural stability, tillage
Abstract

Soil aggregation physically protects soil organic matter and promotes soil carbon persistence through microaggregate formation and organo-mineral associations. Tillage is a ubiquitous disturbance to arable soil that disrupts aggregation, thus affecting microbial resource availability, soil microhabitat conditions, and microbial interactions. We investigated how tillage affects bacterial community composition of soil microaggregate fractions (53-250 mu m), specifically the free microaggregate fraction in bulk soil and the occluded microaggregate fraction within macroaggregates, using two long-term tillage vs. no-tillage experiments in southern WI, U.S., that represent two different silt loam soils (Alfisol and Mollisol). We applied 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to characterize the effects of tillage on microaggregate bacterial communities by relating compositional changes and ecological community assembly patterns to various tillage-driven changes in the soil environment, including aggregate size distribution and carbon content. Tillage homogenized soil bacterial communities, as quantified by increased compositional similarity at both within-plot and between-plot scales, and community assembly was increasingly influenced by homogenizing dispersal with tillage. We did not identify major distinctions between bacterial communities of the free and occluded microaggregate fractions, thus highlighting how soil microaggregates readily shift between these operationally defined fractions in temperate annual cropping systems, where the soil environment is subject to drastic seasonal changes that are exacerbated by tillage. By identifying influential community assembly processes and analyzing communities in microaggregate fractions, we improve our understanding of the microbial response to soil disturbance, and thus the potential mechanisms through which disturbances like tillage affect soil carbon persistence.

Short TitleSoil Biol. Biochem.Soil Biol. Biochem.
Alternate JournalSoil Biol. Biochem.
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Times Cited: 1
Cited Reference Count: 108
West, Jaimie R. Lauer, Joseph G. Whitman, Thea
UW Biotechnology Center DNA Sequencing Facility (Research Resource Identifier); UW-Madison [SCR_017759]; Advanced Computing Initiative; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery; National Science Foundation (NSF); U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science; O.N. Allen Professorship (UW-Madison CALS); Louis and Elsa Thomsen Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship (UW-Madison CALS); NSF EAGER; [2024230]
The authors are indebted to the researchers and operators who established and/or maintained these long-term tillage studies over the years, and provided information about their histories, including Thierno Diallo, Doug Wiedenbeck, Satish Gupta, Holly Dolliver, and the crews at the Arlington and Lancaster Agricultural Research Stations. The authors would like to thank Alexa Hanson, Kallysa Taylor, Emma Johnson, and Isabelle Bartholomew for their direct contributions to this project in the lab and field; Erika Marin-Spiotta and members of the Whitman lab for their thoughtful input; Daliang Ning for guidance with iCAMP analysis; and Harry Read and Anna Cates for their perspectives on soil fraction-ation and use of the microaggregate isolator. The authors also acknowledge the UW Biotechnology Center DNA Sequencing Facility (Research Resource Identifier-RRID:SCR_017759) . Part of this research was performed using the computational resources and assistance of the UW-Madison Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) in the Department of Computer Sciences, with the help of Christina Koch. The CHTC is supported by UW-Madison, the Advanced Computing Initiative, the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, the Wisconsin Institutes for Discovery, and the National Science Foundation (NSF) , and is an active member of the OSG Consortium, which is supported by the NSF and the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science. This work was financially supported by the O.N. Allen Professorship (UW-Madison CALS) , the Louis and Elsa Thomsen Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship (UW-Madison CALS) , and a NSF EAGER grant (award) #2024230.
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West, JR (corresponding author), Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Soil Sci, 1525 Observ Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
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